Night Creature Dark Moon Chapter Eleven Free Essays

â€Å"Relax,† I requested before Jessie and Leigh could undermine me once more. â€Å"I’m not going to flip out and begin eating the populace.† In any event for an additional couple of days. We will compose a custom paper test on Night Creature: Dark Moon Chapter Eleven or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now â€Å"You can make more,† Damien squeezed. â€Å"Can’t you?† â€Å"Sure.† When Edward gave over the equation. I’d intended to send Damien a portion of the serum before the following full moon. The thing had been on my plan for the day. Alongside an entire bundle of different things I couldn’t very recollect. I stood and crossed to the window, peering at the second floor of the collectibles store. A light was on inside, however no shadows moved past the blinds. â€Å"Maybe I should check whether they’re okay.† â€Å"Why wouldn’t they be?† I turned at Jessie’s words. â€Å"You’ve never revealed to me why you came to Fairhaven.† Them four traded looks. I was becoming extremely ill of being outwardly glancing in. I ought to have been utilized to it at this point, yet I wasn’t. â€Å"What?† I requested. â€Å"We’re not actually sure,† Damien said. Leigh shushed him, and I gave her a glare. â€Å"If the compound wasn’t toast, you’d be sending me a report. You never had an issue with that before.† â€Å"Before, you weren’t one of them.† â€Å"I was. You just didn’t know it.† Leigh’s fingers twisted into clench hands. â€Å"I can’t trust you let your hair down and run bare in the forested areas once a month.† â€Å"It isn’t as though I have a choice.† I didn’t need to discuss my burden †with her or any other person. â€Å"Can we proceed onward? What’s happening here?† Quiet ruled for a few ticks of the clock before Will spread his hands. â€Å"People are disappearing.† I needed to state â€Å"Same old, same old,† yet that wouldn’t be useful, would it? â€Å"Who called Edward?† I asked. â€Å"The sheriff.† â€Å"Bodies in the forested areas? Ravaged? Eaten?† â€Å"Not this time.† â€Å"What, at that point, this time?† â€Å"People go missing,† Leigh ringed in. â€Å"There’s blood yet no bodies.† â€Å"We thought the casualties were moving more rapidly than usual,† Will said. â€Å"Maybe some new sort of spell.† â€Å"Instant werewolf.† Jessie made the movements of a drum move with her hands. â€Å"Presto changeo.† My hand went to the charm in my pocket. Oh goodness. I opened my mouth to clarify, and Will hopped in. â€Å"But there hasn’t been an expansion in the wolf populace to represent the disappearing residents. Damien says there aren’t any werewolves here whatsoever, with the exception of him.† â€Å"No werewolves?† I looked at Damien. He shook his head. â€Å"No wolves of any kind.† â€Å"There are wolves all over this piece of the state.† â€Å"Except in Fairhaven,† he said. â€Å"The just purpose behind no frauds like this would be werewolves,† I mumbled. â€Å"They don’t like one another.† â€Å"Exactly,† Damien concurred. â€Å"So what does it mean if there’s neither one?† I had no clue, however I questioned it implied anything great. â€Å"No one’s seen any wolves,† Leigh proceeded, â€Å"but the woods is loaded with crows.† Crows and wolves cooperate in nature. Wolves endured the winged creatures, even let them feed off their murders. Consequently, numerous naturalists accept crows fly in front of the packs, driving them to prey. The conduct moves to werewolves. Where there’s a ton of one, there’s a ton of the other. My own interest with the huge, dark scroungers had started in youth. While numerous individuals utilized them for target practice, I’d drawn pictures of crows again and again. At the point when I got more established, I started to gather dolls, artistic creations, toys †like the one Nic had found around my work area. Irritate and Jeckle had been my preferred animation. No big surprise Edward had kept such a nearby eye on me. â€Å"When I’m out in the woods,† Damien mumbled. â€Å"I sense†¦ I’m not certain. It’s as though something’s coming, or possibly simply left. I feel observed in any event, when I’m certain nothing’s there.† I’d state he was jumpy, with the exception of I’d felt something, as well. â€Å"What were you taking shots at when I got here?† â€Å"Shadows,† Jessie murmured. â€Å"We’re all spooked.† Which wasn’t like them. Werewolf trackers were the least spookable animals on earth. They must be. She saw my appearance, more likely than not read my brain. â€Å"I can murder anything I see. Be that as it may, what am I expected to do when I know it’s there, yet it isn’t?† I had no response for that. â€Å"Axe you adequately raised to speed, Elise?† Edward’s voice from the entryway made me wheeze and turn around. â€Å"I despise when you sneak up on me.† That he could was astounding in itself. I had the becoming aware of a wolf. I looked past Edward, scanning for Nic, my psyche previously scrambling for an approach to clarify our conversation of vanishing bodies. In any case, my supervisor was distant from everyone else, and that made me progressively anxious. â€Å"What did you do with him?† â€Å"Who?† â€Å"You know damn well who!† His eyes limited, and I gulped the remainder of the furious words that took steps to spill off my tongue. They’d waste my time. â€Å"Where is Agent Franklin, sir?† â€Å"Where do you think?† My heart skipped, at that point thrusted into my throat. â€Å"You didn’t.† â€Å"That relies upon what you think I did.† â€Å"You can’t circumvent slaughtering FBI agents.† He grimaced. â€Å"Why would I do that?† â€Å"Because your response to each issue is to shoot it?† â€Å"It has consistently functioned admirably for me.† I couldn’t simply remain around while Nic may be dead or passing on. I began for the entryway, and Edward yanked me back. â€Å"Relax. He is safe.† He dropped my arm promptly, secretly scouring his fingers against his dark jeans. Despite the fact that I’d been anticipating it, Edward’s average response to being anyplace close to me hurt more than expected. The main man who had contacted me tenderly, eagerly, was Nic †and he didn’t comprehend what I was. Seeing him again made me long for what I didn’t, and couldn’t, have. â€Å"By safe you mean †â€Å" â€Å"Alive,† Edward snapped. â€Å"I am not totally decrepit. Yet.† † Yet being the usable word,† Jessie mumbled. I strained, foreseeing a blast of German obscenities. Rather, Edward smiled, winked, and both of them laughed. I smothered my infantile envy. He could never think about me the manner in which he thought about Jessie or Leigh, and I’d better become accustomed to it. Edward looked at the Fitzgeralds. â€Å"I thought I sent you two†¦ elsewhere.† â€Å"We needed to hear the tale of why your second in order turns textured each month.† The last glint of silliness fled his eyes as he looked at me. â€Å"You let them know everything?† Not all that matters. There were sure mysteries just Edward and I would ever know. â€Å"I disclosed to them the nuts and bolts so they wouldn’t shoot me.† â€Å"They were requested to leave you alone.† He fixed the others with a glare. â€Å"Elise is past your range. She answers just to me.† â€Å"La-di-dah,† Jessie murmured. â€Å"There isn’t a scratch on her.† â€Å"But not for absence of trying,† Will countered, grasping her hand when she would have slugged him. Edward glared at Jessie, at that point Leigh. â€Å"You are not to mess around with Elise. No physical battling, do you understand?† A warm gleam started in my chest. Edward was stressed over me. â€Å"She could murder you without even trying,† he proceeded, and the shine kicked the bucket. He was stressed over them. I ought to have known. â€Å"Can I converse with you?† Damien twitched his head. â€Å"Outside?† I took a gander at the others, yet they were contemplatively maintaining a strategic distance from my look. With the exception of Edward, who only feigned exacerbation and shrugged. â€Å"Sure.† Damien went before me onto the yard, where he considered the sky for a few minutes. I didn’t press. I was only happy to escape from every other person for some time. â€Å"There’s more to your story than you told them,† he said finally. â€Å"Isn’t there always?† Our eyes met and a glimmer of understanding, a pull of fellowship, went between us. â€Å"What is Mandenauer to you?† he inquired. I was amazed by the inquiry. â€Å"My boss.† Edward was the dad I didn’t have, the mother, as well. Regardless of whether he didn’t love me, more than likely despised me, he was the main consistent I’d had in my life. â€Å"How close are you, really?† he mumbled. From the start I thought he was inquiring as to myself and Edward. Did everybody accept the elderly person and I were darlings? Hadn’t they seen the manner in which he rewarded me? More awful than a lesser operator. At that point I examined Damien’s face and comprehended he implied something different totally. â€Å"To an antidote?† I didn’t sit tight for his answer. This was the reason he’d asked me outside. He didn’t need Leigh to know whether I was further away from a fix than they suspected. â€Å"I haven’t found anything new,† I conceded. Disappointment filled his eyes, and I contacted him before I thought not to. Force blasted †brilliant, blinding, excruciating. I grabbed my hand away. â€Å"We’re must wat

Examples of US Federal Government Authority Expansion Essay

If you somehow managed to ask one hundred Americans what caused the common war I thoroughly consider ninety five of that one hundred would state servitude. The Civil War was about the privileges of states. They believed they reserved the privilege to withdraw from the Union. This was basically because of the states feeling there rights were being removed. This inclination was like how the states felt. We do recollect that brought about the Revolutionary War. The south was being power to buy items delivered in the north. Those items were progressively costly. The southern states felt they were losing political force. Instances of U. S. Government Authority Expansion Congress was approved in 1865 to wipe out subjugation. They did as such by making the Thirteenth Amendment. President Abraham Lincoln had just introduced the Proclamation to stop subjugation as an official request. The Thirteenth Amendment made that Proclamation the tradition that must be adhered to. The Political Structure demonstrated the second piece of the Proclamation conceded Congress the ability to authorize through enactment what is viewed as the most significant part. It enabled them to make further move against the Ten Confederate States. This would likewise give the legislature an approach to present and pass further Proclamations concerning the privileges of slaves. Social structures indicated that full social liberties were as yet far off. The law and general sentiment are not generally in arrangement. While by law liberated slaves and their relatives were residents and had indistinguishable rights from whites, there were as yet treated in an unexpected way. Isolation got standardized, under â€Å"Jim Crow† laws. The ascent of the Ku Klux Klan in the mid twentieth century brought viciousness against African Americans. They utilized power to get the change they needed. Independent however Equal† was the standard until the common right development. Financial structures normally changed. Without slave work, the manner in which horticultural business ran must be changed, and overall revenues sank until the market redressed. Wages were poor, however African Americans were allowed to set up their own organizations, and to make a trip to different locales to look for some kind of employment. The Eighteenth Amendment written in 1919 precluded the assembling, bringing in, and sending out of mixed drinks. This is just a single case of how the Federal represented began utilizing the ability to confine exchange products the U. S. To do such huge numbers of workplaces must be made. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guarantees the nature of food and pharmaceuticals, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) attempts to safeguard clean air and waters by confining the utilization of poisonous material in assembling forms, and the Drug Enforcement Agency limits dealing of unlawful opiates. The Eighteenth Amendment was later changed to the Twenty Fifth Amendment. Social structures changed, individuals discovered approaches to work around the law. With the interest for alcohol proceeding to expand the underground market began. Moonshiners and large Mobster Bosses reated sorted out wrongdoing. The moonshiners fabricated the alcohol and the Mobster Bosses purchased the alcohol. The Mobsters at that point gave places where individuals could assemble to devour the illicit liquor. Denial was in max throttle. The financial structures, demonstrated two things that occurred. To start with, bottling works and refineries either left business or moved into something different. Second, an underground economy sprang into reality, coursing through the bootleg market alcohol business. The Twentieth and Twenty-Fifth Amendments each changed the provisions of presidential progression. They changed such things as the date and time a recently chosen President gets down to business. The Twentieth Amendment enables the House of Representatives to choose the President in case of death, when no line of progression is clear. It likewise concedes the Senate the ability to choose the Vice President under similar conditions. The Twenty-Fifth Amendment gives Congress the ability to choose to forever expel the President from office, should he become incapacitated and unfit to play out his obligations, and announce the Vice President to be the acting President expert tempore as well as formally the President. The political implications of this are less material to generally Federal force, yet to the intensity of discrete ideological groups. In the event that the President is the minority party, and the House dominant part is constrained by the restricting party, this could allow that party a lot of intensity in spite of the desire of the voters. The effect on social and monetary structures remains generally theoretical. It would rely upon the gathering cosmetics of Congress, the issues in question, and how the American individuals and America’s partners and adversaries felt about the circumstance. Enactment that would have been vetoed gets passed, and the other way around.

Top Stress Relief Tips for Working Moms

Top Stress Relief Tips for Working Moms Stress Management Situational Stress Print Stress Relief Tips for Working Moms By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 11, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on November 11, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Kris Ubach and Quim Roser / Getty Working moms are notoriously busy and often find that the unpredictability of parenting, especially parenting small children, leads to additional stress. For example, a potty-training accident or emotional meltdown on the way to daycare has the potential to throw off an entire day (for both mother and child!) in terms of timing and stress. If a working mom is preoccupied and stressed, she may be less efficient at her job and possibly prone to mistakes that need correcting or more likely to have a slower rate of productivity. If her child is feeling stressed and out-of-sorts, there’s more potential for further conflicts, hurt feelings and difficulty during the day. Ultimately, stress management is for the moms as well as kids who feel their stress, too. Stress-Relief Tips for Working Moms The following tips can help working moms maintain some sanity and stress relief in their busy lives. Plan Ahead and Be Organized Being organized is a vital skill for working moms. If youre able to anticipate that potty-training accident on the way to daycare, for example, and keep an extra change of clothes in your car at all times, a near-catastrophe becomes an easy fix. If you plan ahead and streamline your routines, theres less fussing, forgetting things, and stressing as you move through your busy day. Set Boundaries Working moms play many roles, and want to be their best in all of them; indeed, the roles of mother, worker, and partner require nothing less than their best. This sometimes leads to a feeling of not being able to say noâ€"ever. For a working mom to be her best, however, she doesnt have to say yes to everyones requests. In fact, saying no to responsibilities that arent vital to her success and that of her family enables a working mom to say yes to the things in her life that are. Start practicing how to set boundaries in relationships right away. Stay Connected While setting boundaries is vital, its equally important for working moms to stay connected with their children. Kids who feel neglected tend to act out more, and working moms who feel they arent giving enough to their kids tend to feel stressed and guilty, so maintaining a strong connection is both emotionally beneficial and just plain pragmatic. Fortunately, reducing stress doesnt need to mean giving less to kids. Spending focused time together doing an enjoyable activity can be a multi-tasking way to connect and relieve stress at the same time. Saying no on other areas can free up this time. Take Care of Yourself As you already know, if you arent at your best physically and emotionally, you wont be performing at your best at work or with your kids. To maintain the kind of stamina and focus required to give their best to your children and to work, its important for working moms to care for themselves the way they care for their children: by getting plenty of sleep, healthy food, and at least some downtime. Its also important to enjoy positive feedback (hugs from kids and kudos from work) to avoid burnout. It may be difficult to fit all of this into an already-packed schedule, but proper self-care will enable working moms to be more efficient in their lives, so it really pays off in several ways. Enlist Help Many working moms dont realize that there are people around to help them if they ask. Families would often love to step in more often to lend a hand if only asked. Friends and neighbors can also be rallied, and supportive networks can be formed. There are often ways to hire affordable help for extra things like cleaning or cooking to make a working moms lifestyle less hectic. And the option of delegating tasks at work is often overlooked. For busy working moms, enlisting help is a smart way to make life less stressed and hectic. Focus on Stress Management When harried and stressed, working moms often find themselves less able to connect with their children or focus at work, which may lead to acting-out by the kids, time-consuming mistakes at work, and other things that increase stress for working moms and their families. Therefore, taking a proactive stance on stress management is quite important. Having several quick stress relievers on hand, such as breathing exercises and reframing techniques (different ways of looking at a stressful situation), as well as long-term stress management strategies in place, like a regular exercise or meditation regimen, hobby, or supportive social circle, can relieve significant stress for working moms and their families. A Word From Verywell In addition to these stress management practices for working moms, its important (and often overlooked) to keep childrens stress in mind. Even young children can benefit from stress relief practices like deep breathing, quiet time with mom, and massage. Because mothers and young children are so attuned to each other, reducing stress in one helps both mother and child.?

English Language Arts Block For 45 Minutes - 939 Words

Male Student Fourth Grade Fall 2015 Setting: I observed this fourth grade student during his English Language Arts block for 45 minutes. The class consists of 22 fourth grade students in a student-centered classroom. During my observation, the students collaborated with other students while the teacher conducted a guided reading group. Students were on computers, writing and reading to respond in a journal. Three days a week this students is pulled out of the classroom for a 30 minute Fountas and Pinell Literacy Intervention due to the Tier 3 instructional level. History: This student has been on our campus since Kindergarten. At an early age, he was brought to the Response to Intervention Committee for behavior concerns in the classroom and bus. Over the years his behavior has had its positive and negative effects on his academic areas with a large concern in English Language Arts. He has been a Tier 2 or Tier 3 student in reading since first grade. He is currently receiving a reading intervention, however at the fourth grade level there is an urgency to provide an intervention in writing. Incidents and Influences: As I observed this students I began to notice a low level of achievement with an external locus of control. He seem to blame his failure in his writing journal to past experiences, saying that â€Å"I can’t do this† and â€Å" I hate writing†. Other locus of control consist of effort when he put his head on his desk. When the teacher asked if he would like a studyShow MoreRelatedPreschool Observation2553 Words   |  11 PagesPreschool Observation Setting: I observed Anna, age four years and five months, on March 24, 2006, at St. Andrews Lutheran Church Preschool. I observed for two and one-half hours from 9:15 am to 11:45 am. The preschool has three teachers and a full enrollment of 24 children, ages four and five, on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. They also have 24 children, age three, on Tuesday and Thursday. 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It is a goal of the Surry County School System to use a balanced literacy approach aligned with the North Carolina Standard Course of Study so that students are able to read, write, and communicate effectively with a variety of audiences in order to live productive lives. Balanced Literacy provides the foundational structure and scheduling for delivering the North Carolina English Language Arts curriculum inRead MoreAnn-Maries Point Of View Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesyet another new school. New teachers, different curriculum†¦ And new people. I guess. I run to school, as it’s only about a block away, and i’m astonished at the size, it had separate buildings and wings, it looks more like a college campus than it does a high school. I ponder how Mother could ever afford this, she works as a pharmacist at Walmart, not exactly a state of the art job†¦ I walk in slowly, cautious of the new classmates i’d soon have, I wandered around aimlessly. 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Magic Realism Friend or Foe Essay - 655 Words

Your imagination has no limits. What exactly is magic realism, you might be asking yourself. Well, if you have ever seen Godzilla you have seen magic realism. Magic Realism is a type of dream or fantasy that is mixed into the real world. How does magic realism make you feel? Why does magic realism occur? How does magic realism affect the world? These are just a few of the fascinating questions we will uncover using the short stories we have just read. A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Light is Like Water by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, and My Life with the Wave by Octavio Paz. Magic realism used in these short stories paints a vivid image into someone elses imaginary life, where the real world and the fantasy world†¦show more content†¦The first thing the boys ask for is a rowboat, he want it so that he can ‘go out to sea’. The boys were so happy to get the boat that they had all their friends help them take it up to their apartment. †Å"A jet of golden light as cool as water began to pour out of the broken bulb, and they let it run to a depth of almost three feet. Then they turned off the electricity, took out the rowboat, and navigated at will among the islands in the house.† The little boys imagination went wild as they soared through the house. â€Å"‘Light is like water, I answered. You turn the tap and on and out it comes.’ Magic realism occurs in the minds of the young most abundantly because as a child your imagination is endless. Throughout the years, as you grow you forget to use your imagination, and you get consumed in life. Magic realism occurs to allow the creativity return to us, and we can just let go. Without magic realism the world would be very dull. How might magic realism affect us and the world? In My Life with the Wave by Octavio Paz, the narrator is affected by everything the wave does. The wave, is a metaphor for a woman. His first tactic was to hide the wave, he knew no one would understand her. When gets in a heaping of trouble she can’t help him, but luckily when he finally returns home she is waiting there. Magic realism, in this short story, affects the world through love. â€Å"‘Well, now you’re free. You were lucky Lucky there were no victims. But don’tShow MoreRelatedThe Human Condition Of The World2221 Words   |  9 Pagesthe human condition. There are also authors that do not rely on pressing these matters on the people, but instead fold these messages into their preferred style of writing, and there is a group of least expected authors that do just that. Magical Realism Authors use temptation, culture and relationships as reoccurring themes in their novels to reveal the best and worst in the race of men, in order to illustrate how humanity can improve as a species. Through exploring the works: Life of Pi by YannRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand the number of people working 50 or more hours a week jumped from 24 to 37 percent. Finally, the rise of the dual-career couple makes it difficult for married employees to find time to fulfill commitments to home, spouse, children, parents, and friends. Millions of single-parent households and employees with dependent parents have even more significant challenges in balancing work and family responsibilities. Source: AP Photo/Emilio Morenatti Dr. Orit Wimpfheimer performs her job by linkingRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesundertake these judgmental tasks in different ways in different social contexts by deploying different epistemological conventions. How we epistemologically judge the claims of social scientists might be quite different from how we judge those of friends, relatives or politicians such Jim Hacker. In the case of social science, we might look for evidence that could confirm, contest or even refute any claim (e.g., those made by organization theorists). However, epistemology raises the issue of whether

Technical writing style Free Essays

Technical Writing Style As you draft and edit, it is helpful to keep in mind the effective ways to present sentences and paragraphs. When you revise your drafts, check the language and remove any area of possible confusion. If you have repeated any word, see whether you can change the sentence. We will write a custom essay sample on Technical writing style or any similar topic only for you Order Now The following passages will help you to be aware of any difficult construction of sentences, so that you can modify the same and ensure reader’s comfort. Write Clear Sentences Follow these guidelines for writing sentences which will be clear to the readers. Keep the main idea on top. Use active voice. Employ parallelism. Repeat for emphasis. Write sentences of 15 to 25 words. Provide transitions. Avoid wordiness. Avoid redundancy. Keep the Main Idea on Top This is the key principle in writing so that your sentences are easy to understand. Place the sentence’s main idea, the subject, first. The subject makes the rest of the sentence accessible. Readers therefore orient themselves and they are able to interact with the subsequent discussion. See this example from a popular newspaper. â€Å"Doubts persist over World Cup 2007. † (Note how the interest of the reader is immediately captured. Now the details follow. )†Clouds are gathering over the West Indies, and they are more than rain-bearing masses of cumulous. With eight months and a few days to go for the 2007 World Cup, doubts are increasingly being aired about the ability of the region to host a venture of such and complexity. † Thus readers are informed about the crux of the problem so that they are int erested to read on. Use Normal Word Order The normal word order in English is subject-verb-object. This order makes it easier to read as it reveals the topic first and the structures the idea. This order produces entences which are clear to the readers and do not cause any contusion. Read the following sentence. â€Å"Finance Minister on Tuesday backed the Central Bank’s decision to increase interest rates, stating that the move was aimed at containing inflation. † The sentence is clear, though a little long (23 words) and follows natural flow. Use Active Voice Active voice emphasizes performer of the function and not the receiver. Active voice helps the reader follow the meaning quickly as it is sticking to subject-verb-object pattern. When the subject acts, the verb is in the active voice. When the subject is acted upon, the verb is in the passive voice. Use passive voice sparingly and when it is absolutely required. Examples: I completed the work in time (active voice as the subject acts here. ) My mobile was stolen (passive voice as the subject is acted upon. ) Go through the following example. Manufacturers add preservatives to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on manufacturers, which is not correct. ) Preservatives are added to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on preservatives, which is correct. In uch cases, passive voice should be used. Use Parallelism Use similar structures for similar elements. The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and to attend to the new order (wrong). The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and will attend to the new order. (correct) Repeat for Emphasis Repeat key words for emphasis so that the reader has better recall. Read the following example. The doctri ne of â€Å"No work, no pay† is a fundamental axioms in industrial relations. The philosophy is very simple. When a person is employed, he is expected to carry out the ork assigned to him. When he does not do so, he is not eligible for payment of any salary. Even when a general strike disrupts public transport systems, and consequently employees are unable to reach their work places, the same principle prevails. Of course corporate may permit their staff to avail themselves of any leave to their credit. Even die-hard trade union leaders respect this principle. â€Å"No work, no pay† lays a strong foundation to industrial peace and harmony in the long run. Provide Transitions Connect sentences by using words that signal a sequence or pattern. Sequence: first, second, next. Addition: and, further. Contrast: but, however, nevertheless. Avoid Wordiness Generally, concise expressions are more effective than verbosity. Eliminate all repetitions, subordinate clauses etc. to make the writing compact and pointed. Examples of Wordiness Came to the conclusion Utilization of Make Revisions Make an amendment to Examples of compactness Concluded Use Revise Amend Avoid Redundancy Redundancies are words that say the same content. Conciseness is achieved by saying anything only once. In the following examples, what is bracketed may be mitted for conciseness. During (the year) of 2006 (Needless to say) (New) innovation The (other) alternative is Choose a Tone Now you can prepare clear, effective documents. Your documents are easy to read. However, we are assuming that the writer and reader are equal and unemotional. In practice, it may not be so. Hence it is important to control ‘tone’. The ‘tone’ can communicate as much as the content of the message. Consider some possible ‘tones’ depending on the situation. forceful passive personal impersonal The forceful tone implies that the writer is in command. This is appropriate when the writer addresses subordinates. While writing forcefully, Use the active voice. Use imperatives. Clearly indicate that you are responsible. For example: I have decided to introduce Performance Appraisal System forthwith in our organization. When the reader has more power than the writer, use passive voice. For example: The instructions to implement the new Evaluation System has been complied with The personal tone implies that reader and writer are equal. David thanks for your suggestion about maintenance routine. It has given good results. The impersonal tone is employed when the writer is not important and the situation is neutral. For example: A proposal to introduce quality circle has been made. Use Positive Words and Verbs A sure way to involve your audience is to sprinkle positive words and positive verbs throughout your text. Positive words and verbs convince the reader the benefits of your subject matter. Positive Words Advantage asset effective profitable satisfied value favorable success Benefit Positive Verbs Positive verbs motivate your readers. Some ot the verbs that motivate your readers nto action are here. Accomplish plan achieve produce implement Prepare promote exceed organize assess Tune to the Audience Tuning to the audience is the key for effectiveness of your document with the reader. Remember the following points. Not all your readers will understand acronyms and abbreviations. Readers need glossaries. Provide extended definitions for technical terms. As multiple audiences have different levels of technical knowledge, choose carefully the amount of technical content in your document. Show your reader how he or she will benefit from your document How to cite Technical writing style, Papers

Technical writing style Free Essays

Technical Writing Style As you draft and edit, it is helpful to keep in mind the effective ways to present sentences and paragraphs. When you revise your drafts, check the language and remove any area of possible confusion. If you have repeated any word, see whether you can change the sentence. We will write a custom essay sample on Technical writing style or any similar topic only for you Order Now The following passages will help you to be aware of any difficult construction of sentences, so that you can modify the same and ensure reader’s comfort. Write Clear Sentences Follow these guidelines for writing sentences which will be clear to the readers. Keep the main idea on top. Use active voice. Employ parallelism. Repeat for emphasis. Write sentences of 15 to 25 words. Provide transitions. Avoid wordiness. Avoid redundancy. Keep the Main Idea on Top This is the key principle in writing so that your sentences are easy to understand. Place the sentence’s main idea, the subject, first. The subject makes the rest of the sentence accessible. Readers therefore orient themselves and they are able to interact with the subsequent discussion. See this example from a popular newspaper. â€Å"Doubts persist over World Cup 2007. † (Note how the interest of the reader is immediately captured. Now the details follow. )†Clouds are gathering over the West Indies, and they are more than rain-bearing masses of cumulous. With eight months and a few days to go for the 2007 World Cup, doubts are increasingly being aired about the ability of the region to host a venture of such and complexity. † Thus readers are informed about the crux of the problem so that they are int erested to read on. Use Normal Word Order The normal word order in English is subject-verb-object. This order makes it easier to read as it reveals the topic first and the structures the idea. This order produces entences which are clear to the readers and do not cause any contusion. Read the following sentence. â€Å"Finance Minister on Tuesday backed the Central Bank’s decision to increase interest rates, stating that the move was aimed at containing inflation. † The sentence is clear, though a little long (23 words) and follows natural flow. Use Active Voice Active voice emphasizes performer of the function and not the receiver. Active voice helps the reader follow the meaning quickly as it is sticking to subject-verb-object pattern. When the subject acts, the verb is in the active voice. When the subject is acted upon, the verb is in the passive voice. Use passive voice sparingly and when it is absolutely required. Examples: I completed the work in time (active voice as the subject acts here. ) My mobile was stolen (passive voice as the subject is acted upon. ) Go through the following example. Manufacturers add preservatives to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on manufacturers, which is not correct. ) Preservatives are added to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on preservatives, which is correct. In uch cases, passive voice should be used. Use Parallelism Use similar structures for similar elements. The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and to attend to the new order (wrong). The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and will attend to the new order. (correct) Repeat for Emphasis Repeat key words for emphasis so that the reader has better recall. Read the following example. The doctri ne of â€Å"No work, no pay† is a fundamental axioms in industrial relations. The philosophy is very simple. When a person is employed, he is expected to carry out the ork assigned to him. When he does not do so, he is not eligible for payment of any salary. Even when a general strike disrupts public transport systems, and consequently employees are unable to reach their work places, the same principle prevails. Of course corporate may permit their staff to avail themselves of any leave to their credit. Even die-hard trade union leaders respect this principle. â€Å"No work, no pay† lays a strong foundation to industrial peace and harmony in the long run. Provide Transitions Connect sentences by using words that signal a sequence or pattern. Sequence: first, second, next. Addition: and, further. Contrast: but, however, nevertheless. Avoid Wordiness Generally, concise expressions are more effective than verbosity. Eliminate all repetitions, subordinate clauses etc. to make the writing compact and pointed. Examples of Wordiness Came to the conclusion Utilization of Make Revisions Make an amendment to Examples of compactness Concluded Use Revise Amend Avoid Redundancy Redundancies are words that say the same content. Conciseness is achieved by saying anything only once. In the following examples, what is bracketed may be mitted for conciseness. During (the year) of 2006 (Needless to say) (New) innovation The (other) alternative is Choose a Tone Now you can prepare clear, effective documents. Your documents are easy to read. However, we are assuming that the writer and reader are equal and unemotional. In practice, it may not be so. Hence it is important to control ‘tone’. The ‘tone’ can communicate as much as the content of the message. Consider some possible ‘tones’ depending on the situation. forceful passive personal impersonal The forceful tone implies that the writer is in command. This is appropriate when the writer addresses subordinates. While writing forcefully, Use the active voice. Use imperatives. Clearly indicate that you are responsible. For example: I have decided to introduce Performance Appraisal System forthwith in our organization. When the reader has more power than the writer, use passive voice. For example: The instructions to implement the new Evaluation System has been complied with The personal tone implies that reader and writer are equal. David thanks for your suggestion about maintenance routine. It has given good results. The impersonal tone is employed when the writer is not important and the situation is neutral. For example: A proposal to introduce quality circle has been made. Use Positive Words and Verbs A sure way to involve your audience is to sprinkle positive words and positive verbs throughout your text. Positive words and verbs convince the reader the benefits of your subject matter. Positive Words Advantage asset effective profitable satisfied value favorable success Benefit Positive Verbs Positive verbs motivate your readers. Some ot the verbs that motivate your readers nto action are here. Accomplish plan achieve produce implement Prepare promote exceed organize assess Tune to the Audience Tuning to the audience is the key for effectiveness of your document with the reader. Remember the following points. Not all your readers will understand acronyms and abbreviations. Readers need glossaries. Provide extended definitions for technical terms. As multiple audiences have different levels of technical knowledge, choose carefully the amount of technical content in your document. Show your reader how he or she will benefit from your document How to cite Technical writing style, Papers

NSTP documentary Literacy training center free essay sample

NSTP made its way by literacy training by engaging in some services like peer tutoring program, with an active cooperation and participation of knowledge channel team. Its goal is to apply appropriate literacy about what we learned for the whole semester. The knowledge channel volunteers from rescue 177 provide us a seminar. This is composed of self-knowledge and instructional plan. The literacy training service that is offered by National Service Literacy Program (NSTP) and the program of knowledge channel for public schools provide an excellent training service for some student who lack literacy and is in need of additional time of learning. We went to their Rescue Training Center to have a seminar by the help of our NSTP professor Ms. Ericka. We started our day by dividing all the students who attend NSTP Training into group. Each group must have a leader and for our group, Michelle Villegas my block mate volunteered herself to be our representative. We will write a custom essay sample on NSTP documentary Literacy training center or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To start our activity our instructors introduced their self for us to know who are they and they said that we must call them Sir and Ma’am. The first activity we did is about the different kind of bandages, there’s a lot of bandages that we can make for an injured person with a triangular bandage. After we learned about bandaging they give us a time to take our lunch. After an hour we moved to the Rappelling. First, our instructors discuss about the things or the equipment that we will be using for rappelling and then they show to us the proper way of using all the equipment or tools. After that, they gave us an opportunity to try how to rappel but before that they teach us first the things that we need to do in rappelling and the different kind of rappelling. And then they let us experience rappelling. After that, one of the instructor in Rescue 177 which is a registered nurse gave us a lecture about Safety Services, it is tasked with a nationwide educational campaign to ensure the health and safety of the Filipino people. The first lesson we coped from the instructor is about First Aid. The courses aim to equip participants with knowledge, skills and confidence in providing care for a person who has been injured or suddenly become ill. The trainings include lecture and demonstration on bandaging techniques, emergency transfers and common emergencies. Next is about accident prevention courses, this course aim to equip participants with knowledge, skills and confidence to perform management to a person whose breathing and heartbeat suddenly stopped. The trainings include lecture and demonstration on performing foreign airway obstruction management, rescue breathing and CPR. In addition, it provides opportunities for us to apply the knowledge and skills that we have learned from the trainings. The last activity we did is they let us experience the right ways in giving a first aid of an injured person, the instructors assigned a patient for each group and the rest will be the rescuer. They let us use what we learned in the whole training/seminar, the instructors just observe us while we’re doing the task and in the end, after we finish the task the instructor will check and observe if we did a right way to give a first aid on the patient. The whole day of our training is so tiredly but in exchange we learned many things that we can probably use when there’s an emergency. In general, this Literacy Training Service Is a success even there are some issues. Literacy is really invaded in the country.

Andersonville essays

Andersonville essays Torture, screams, no food: These are the conditions of prisons during the Civil War. The lack of attention to prisoners led to many gruesome things such as eating live animals. The two most infamous prisons were Andersonville in the South and Elmira in the North. Both had terrible conditions that were largely caused by the psychology of the War: If the other side doesnt have men they cant fight and likewise with weak men. Both prisons were alike in that men died, but each is infamous in their own way of how the men died. Since the Confederacy was collapsing, the South had little food and medical supplies. It was suffering greatly and to stop this an exchange system for prisoners of equal rank went on for one and a half years. Also, men were paroled and released after signing a paper stating that would not bear arms until officially exchanged. Later the exchange system was stopped because the North realized that it was benefiting the Confederacy. After all, the North could afford to lose men as prisoners but the South couldnt afford to replace troops. The Union then could stop the Souths ability to carry on the War. As a result of this, the number and size of prisons increased. Crowding, inadequate provisions, and poor sanitation was then a consequence of the greater number of prisoners which caused 49,000 men out of 346,000 prisoners during the War to die. A public outcry over prison conditions made Abraham Lincoln send Professor Francis Lieber of Columbia to set rules for the treatment of p risoners during war. His set of rules were called the Lieber Code. Both prisons violated this code and that is what I am going to show through this report. Andersonville is probably the most well known of the prison camps. It was a Confederate camp in Georgia from 1864 on. Its main problem was the massive overcrowding. It was built for 10,000 but at one time held 33,000 men. It was built of a roughly h...

Seven Facts About the Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Seven Facts About the Lincoln-Douglas Debates The Lincoln-Douglas Debates,  a series of seven public confrontations between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, took place in the summer and fall of 1858. They became legendary, and the popular conception of what happened tends to veer toward the mythical. In the modern political commentary, pundits often express a wish that current candidates could do Lincoln-Douglas Debates. Those meetings between candidates 160 years ago somehow represent the pinnacle of civility and an elevated example of lofty political thought. The reality of the Lincoln-Douglas debates was different than what most people believe. And here are seven factual things you should know about them: 1. They Were Not Really Debates Its true that the Lincoln-Douglas Debates are always cited as classic examples of, well, debates. Yet they were not debates in the way we think of the political debate in modern times. In the format Stephen Douglas demanded, and Lincoln agreed to, one man would speak for an hour. Then the other would speak in rebuttal for an hour and a half, and then the first man would have a half-hour to respond to the rebuttal. In other words, the audience was treated to lengthy monologues, with the entire presentation stretching out to three hours. There was no moderator asking questions, and no give-and-take or fast reactions like weve come to expect in modern political debates. True, it wasnt gotcha politics, but it also wasnt something that would work in todays world. 2. They Got Crude, With Personal Insults and Racial Slurs Though the Lincoln-Douglas Debates are often cited as a high point of civility in politics, the actual content was often pretty rough. In part, this was because the debates were rooted in the frontier tradition of the stump speech. Candidates, sometimes literally standing on a stump, would engage in freewheeling and entertaining speeches that would often contain jokes and insults. Its worth noting that some of the content of the Lincoln-Douglas Debates would likely be considered too offensive for a network television audience today. Besides both men insulting each other and employing extreme sarcasm, Stephen Douglas often resorted to crude race-baiting. Douglas made a point of repeatedly calling Lincolns political party the black Republicans and was not above using crude racial slurs, including the n-word. Even Lincoln, albeit uncharacteristically, used the n-word twice in the first debate, according to a transcript published in 1994 by Lincoln scholar Harold Holzer. Some versions of the debate transcripts, created at the debates by stenographers hired by two Chicago newspapers, have been sanitized over the years. 3. The Two Men Were Not Running for President Because the debates between Lincoln and Douglas are so often mentioned, and because the men did oppose each other in the election of 1860, its often assumed the debates were part of a run for the White House. They were actually running for the U.S. Senate seat already held by Stephen Douglas. The debates, because they were reported nationwide (thanks to the aforementioned newspaper stenographers) did elevate Lincolns stature. Lincoln, however, probably did not think seriously about running for president until after his speech at Cooper Union in early 1860. 4. The Debates Were Not About Ending Slavery Most of the subject matter at the debates concerned slavery in America. But the talk was not about ending it, it was about whether to prevent slavery from spreading to new states and new territories. That alone was a very contentious issue. The feeling in the North, as well as in some of the South, was that slavery would die out in time. But it was assumed it wouldnt fade away anytime soon if it kept spreading into new parts of the country. Lincoln, since the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, had been speaking out against the spread of slavery. Douglas, in the debates, exaggerated Lincolns position and portrayed him as a radical abolitionist, which he was not. The abolitionists were considered to be at the very extreme of American politics, and Lincolns anti-slavery views were more moderate. 5. Lincoln Was the Upstart, Douglas the Political Powerhouse Lincoln, who had been offended by Douglass position on slavery and its spread into western territories, began dogging the powerful senator from Illinois in the mid-1850s. When Douglas would speak in public, Lincoln would often appear on the scene and offer a rebuttal speech. When Lincoln received the Republican nomination to run for the Illinois senate seat in the spring of 1858, he realized that showing up at Douglas speeches and challenging him would probably not work well as a political strategy. Lincoln challenged Douglas to the series of debates, and Douglas accepted the challenge. In return, Douglas dictated the format, and Lincoln agreed to it. Douglas, a political star, traveled the state of Illinois in grand style in a private railroad car. Lincolns travel arrangements were much more modest. He rode in passenger cars with other travelers. 6. Huge Crowds Viewed the Debates In the 19th century, political events often had a circus-like atmosphere and the Lincoln-Douglas debates certainly had a festival air about them. Huge crowds, up to 15,000 or more spectators, gathered for some of the debates. However, while the seven debates drew crowds, the two candidates also traveled the state of Illinois for months, giving speeches on courthouse steps, in parks, and in other public venues. So its likely that more voters saw Douglas and Lincoln at their separate speaking stops than would have seen them engaging in the famous debates. As the Lincoln-Douglas Debates received so much coverage in newspapers in major cities in the East, its possible the debates had the greatest influence on public opinion outside of Illinois. 7. Lincoln Lost Its often assumed that Lincoln became president after beating Douglas in their series of debates. But in the election depending on their series of debates, Lincoln lost. In a complicated twist, the large and attentive audiences watching the debates were not even voting on the candidates, at least not directly.   At that time, U.S. Senators were not chosen by direct election, but in elections held by state legislatures. This situation would not change until the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the Constitution in 1913. So the election in Illinois wasnt really for Lincoln or for Douglas. Voters were voting on candidates for the statehouse who, in turn, would then vote for the man who would represent Illinois in the U.S. Senate. The voters went to the polls in Illinois on November 2, 1858. When the votes were tallied, the news was bad for Lincoln. The new legislature would be controlled by the party of Douglas. The Democrats ended the day with 54 seats in the statehouse, the Republicans (Lincolns party), 46. Stephen Douglas was thus reelected to the Senate. But two years later, in the election of 1860, the two men would face each other again, along with two other candidates. And Lincoln, of course, would win the presidency. The two men appeared on the same stage again, at Lincolns first inauguration on March 4, 1861. As a prominent senator, Douglas was on the inaugural platform. When Lincoln rose to take the oath of office and deliver his inaugural address, he held his hat and awkwardly looked about for a place to put it. As a gentlemanly gesture, Stephen Douglas reached out and took Lincolns hat and held it during the speech. Three months later, Douglas, who had taken ill and may have suffered a stroke, died. While the career of Stephen Douglas overshadowed that of Lincoln during most of his lifetime, he is best remembered today for the seven debates against his perennial rival in the summer and fall of 1858. Source Holzer, Harold (Editor). The Lincoln-Douglas Debates: The First Complete, Unexpurgated Text. 1st Editon, Fordham University Press, March 23, 2004.

Does Chinese Investment Really Benefit Africa Essay

Does Chinese Investment Really Benefit Africa - Essay Example In terms of business, the aspect of investment signifies the acquisition of any physical product and/or services which is duly purchased by the producers expecting a considerable enhancement in their future business operations (Myles, 2003). The importance of the aspect of investment is immense for every business organisation. The proper and adequate investment eventually raises the wealth and widens the financial freedom of the business organisations. The idea of investment generally fulfils the personal goals of the investors and also increases the social responsibility towards employees’ family members as well as the community (Myles, 2003). This particular paper broadly aims towards establishing whether the Chinese investments made especially in African continent can be regarded as beneficial. In this connection, various aspects that include the overall investment scenario made by China particularly in Africa along with critical evaluation of Chinese investments in Africa will be presented throughout the discussion. A Brief Overview of the Chinese Investments in Africa The African continent is recognised to be a significant emerging player, especially in the global market. It is also viewed as the most prominent destination for making investments followed by other countries that include China as well as India globally. This is owing to the fact that the establishment of modern technologies along with raising revenues especially from the few of the commodities that include oil and other valuable products in Africa which eventually boosted the financial development along with the advancement of the country. Due to these significant reasons, Africa is emerging as a great investment destination for several nations similar to China. Particularly, the western part of Africa is observed as one of the rapidly growing destinations in terms of investments, especially in the mining segment (Deming, 2010). In this connection, China continuously is forming up bet ter as well as enhanced financial relations with Africa by taking into consideration the emerging worldwide scenario of the African business market. It has further been observed that the African continent is very rich in terms of natural resources that might boost the economy of China to a large extent. However, the country is observed to lack superior infrastructure as well as technology. Thus, the requirement of superior infrastructure as well as technology in Africa include telecommunication systems, roads, computer network systems and power generation among others eventually broadened various opportunities for the Chinese industries or companies to make investments in the African continent (Deming, 2010). It has been apparent that between the year 2007 and 2008, the business trade value between China and Africa was raised by 45 percent. During that year, the total business dealings between the two nations were estimated to be approximately $106 billion (Deming, 2010). However, d ue to the emergence of worldwide financial crisis, a few of the developed Western countries had decided to reduce the volume of investments particularly in Africa. On the other hand, China viewed this particular fact as a business opportunity with the intention of expanding its market share in Africa. It has also been observed tha

Breast Feeding and Breast Cancer Prevention Research Proposal

Breast Feeding and Breast Cancer Prevention - Research Proposal Example Mid-wives and nurses have professional mandate to give information to mothers and pregnant women regarding their breast feeding choice? This information will also include how their respective choices will affect their general health. However, it is quite crucial that the information bases on evidence. Researchers have found evidence that breast feeding can protect women from breast cancer, but how that happens, they have not provided an elucidative explanation. Therefore, this study does not give an assurance of complete dependence on breast feeding as a protective measure against breast cancer. Contribution of breast feeding to breast cancer prevention remains imprecise despite there being enough evidence to make people believe that child bearing has protective effect against breast cancer. Earlier research indicates that women having their first babies after the age of 25, or those having lesser than four children are at a high risk of breast cancer. It also reveals that having a baby before 25 years of age, or having more children, offered protection against breast cancer, triggered by hormones. Carlson (2012) writes that currently, researchers are busy exploring the possibility of breast feeding being helpful to women carrying either one of the breast cancer faulty genes. A study earlier found that one of the breast cancer genes can be terminated by breast feeding. Though in this case, the mother was required to breast feed for more than a year. This was particular for BRCA1, which is one of the breast cancer faulty genes. The other one is BRCA2, and did not show any response to breast feeding, regardless of the length. Since the Swedish study, researchers have been giving contradicting results about breast cancer and breast feeding (Carlson, 2012). This means that research is ongoing to try and further elucidate whether it is a myth or a fact. Â  

Descriptive Research Vs Analytical Research Economics Essay

Descriptive Research Vs Analytical Research Economics Essay Malaysia began develop its construction industry since independence. More than half of capital formation consists of work in construction (Lewis, 1955). Hence, the expansion of capital is a function the rate at which the construction industry can be expanded. This can be seen in the initial economic plan (1956-1960) where it was basically a development expenditure plan. The primary concern was developing infrastructure during independence because of its inadequacy. In order for the nations economy to prosper, the construction industry has to be developed first for the economy to take a one step further (Abdul Razak Bin Ibrahim, 1999). The Malaysian construction industry is generally separated into two areas: General construction It comprises residential construction, non-residential construction and civil engineering construction. Special trade works It comprises activities of metal works, electrical works, plumbing, sewerage and sanitary works, refrigeration and air-conditioning works, painting works, carpentry, tiling and flooring works, glass works and etc. The construction industry makes up an important part of the Malaysian economy due to the amount of industry linked to it such as those for basic metal products and electrical machinery. Hence, the construction industry could be described as a substantial economic driver for Malaysia (Abdul Razak Bin Ibrahim, 1999). According to Productivity Report 2011/2012, analysis of productivity growth over three year intervals (2007-2009 and 2009-2011) showed that Malaysia achieved higher productivity growth during the later period (2.8%) as compared to the earlier period (1.9%). However, over a five year period, the growth was 3.2% as showed in Table 1.1. Figure 1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Employment and Productivity Growth, 2007-2011 Table 1. Productivity and GDP Growth, 2007-2011 Productivity growth of the construction sector grew by 3.1% to RM 24,635 in 2011 from RM 23,898 in 2010 (Figure 1.2). The implementation of Industrialised Building System (IBS) in major projects, residential and non-residential sub-sectors contributed to the productivity of the construction sector (Malaysia Productivity Corporation, 2012). Figure 1. Productivity Level and Growth of the Construction Sector, 2007-2011 Through the Productivity Report 2011/2012, it reflects that the construction sector is in a rapid growth phase, having expanded by nearly 19% on an annual basis in the first half of 2012. According to the governments figures, the sector will manage growth of 15.5% in 2012 as a whole, up from 4.6% in 2011. In 2013 it is forecast to grow by a further 11.2%, a projection that is in line with Timetrics forecasts (Richards, 2012). Construction industry plays an important role in generating wealth and improving the quality of life for Malaysian through the translation of governments socio-economic policies into social and economic infrastructure and buildings. The demand for property or housing is increasingly from times to times either due to increase in population, immigration or investment purpose. In order to fulfil the demand, supply of housing or other property has to be increased. Besides, after the announcement regarding My First Home Scheme by the Government in Budget 2011, the desires of the youngsters to own a house are stronger. As the demand is higher, the construction industry has to embark more projects such as residential development to meet the demand. The construction industry creates a multiplier effect to other industries, including manufacturing, financial services, and professional services. In order to run a project, human resources such as labours and the professionals like Quantity Surveyor, Architect, and Engineer are required. Although there is increase in number of human resources, construction productivity is one of the issues to be concerned. Construction labour productivity is often influenced by variations in work conditions and management effectiveness. It is substantially important to understand the nature and extent to which individual parameters affect productivity. Rationale for the Research The construction industry plays a significant role in all developed and developing countries. Due to its critical importance to the profitability of most construction projects, productivity is regarded as one of the most frequently discussed topics in the construction industry (Hancher DE, 1998). Construction productivity is always related to how well, how quickly, and at what cost buildings and infrastructure can be constructed. It will directly affect prices for homes and consumer goods and the robustness of the national economy. Construction productivity will also affect the outcomes of national efforts resources; to develop high-performance green buildings; and to remain competitive in the global market. Construction productivity has been steadily on the decline over the last decade and construction labour efficiency has often been cited as poor (Stokes, 1980). The level of productivity in construction showed a decreasing rate compared to other sectors (Bernstein, 2007). Many studies have attempted to improve construction labour productivity via different ways for examples, studying the factors affecting construction labour productivity, measuring and evaluating labour productivity; modelling construction labour productivity; and comparing labour productivity based on economic considerations or costs. Construction workers are not machines, always behaving the same way under the same conditions. Even under apparently identical work conditions, different productivity values might be obtained. The productivity for the same work item is not constant throughout the construction period, and varies at different stages of the production (Lam, 2001). Variability is shown to be a key factor in the behaviour of construction labour productivity (Thomas Hr, 1999). In addition, the effect of the factors on productivity may vary from task to task. Although some factors could have similar influences on the productivity of a number of tasks, their rate of impact on productivity may be different (Sonmez R, 1998). Labour productivity is said as the factor affecting the construction productivity. In order to further improve construction productivity, continuous efforts have to be put in from times to times to identify the factors affect labour productivity, the effects of poor labour productivity and the ways to improve labour productivity. Are labourers the main cause in affecting construction productivity? Are the factors caused by labourers themselves or their superiors or surrounding environments or other reasons? Have anyone do really put in their efforts to improve the construction labour productivity? How labour productivity affect the entire construction productivity? Queries on construction labour productivity are appearing continuously. Throughout this research, readers should have a depth understanding on construction labour productivity. Aim and Objectives In order to find out the answer of queries on construction labour productivity, the aim for this report is to study the issues on construction labour productivity in Malaysia. This can be achieved by study the objectives below: To investigate the factors affect the construction labour productivity. To identify the consequences caused by construction labour productivity. To recommend ways for improvement on construction labour productivity. Scope and Limitation This research is delimited to construction labour productivity and will focus on Malaysian construction industry. The data for this research will made up of general construction workers, site supervisors, contractors, quantity surveyors and developers mainly in Kuala Lumpur area. Respondents are expected to have varying levels of construction experience, training and knowledge so that a data that closely mirrored the current make-up of the construction workforce can be collected. 100 sets of survey forms will be distributed and 50 sets of survey forms expected to be completed. Chapter Outline This report consists of 5 chapters. There are: Chapter 1: Introduction In this chapter, roles of construction industry towards economics and construction productivity will be described. Besides, in this chapter, aim and objectives will be discussed as well as overview of current construction labour productivity. Chapter 2: Literature Review The literature on the performance approach will be reviewed in this chapter. It will illustrate existing literature and research work related to construction labour productivity. Definition of labour productivity, factors affect labour productivity, its effects and solutions will be described. Chapter 3: Research Methodology In this chapter, introduction and definition of research, type of research, data collection methods, research design and data analysis method will be discussed in order to achieve the aim and objectives of this study. Chapter 4: Findings and Discussions Results from survey questionnaires will be analyzed and discussed in this chapter. The survey questionnaire is aimed to obtain labour, consultants, contractors and developers or clients view of opinion on construction labour productivity in Malaysian construction industry. In addition, personal interview will be conducted to obtain more information on construction labour productivity. Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations This chapter will outline the research findings, summary of this study, and recommendations for future study. Literature Review Research Methodology Introduction Based on Oxford Dictionaries, research is defined as a systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions (Oxford Dictionaries). The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English defines the meaning of research as a careful investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge (The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English, 1952). Redman and Mory had defined research as a systematized effort to gain new knowledge (Mory, 1923). In this chapter, types of research, data collection methods, research design and data analysis will be discussed. The research method for this study to achieve the aim and objectives will be described in this chapter. Types of Research Generally, the basic types of research are as follow: Applied/ Action Research vs Fundamental Research Descriptive Research vs Analytical Research Quantitative Research vs Qualitative Research Conceptual Research vs Empirical Research Applied/ Action Research vs Fundamental Research Applied or action research is carried out to find solution to solve problems facing by a society or a business or industrial organisation. However, fundamental research which is also known as basic or pure research is mainly concern on gathering of knowledge for knowledges sake without any intention to apply it in practice. Descriptive Research vs Analytical Research Descriptive research is a surveys and fact-finding investigation. It is aims to describe the characteristics of individual, situation or a group or the state of affairs as it exists at present. Researcher has no control over the variables and researcher has to report the actual conditions. On the other hand, analytical research is a critical evaluation based on information that is available and primarily concerned with testing hypothesis; specifying and interpreting relationships by analyze the facts or existing information. Quantitative Research vs Qualitative Research Quantitative research is objective in nature. It is defined as an inquiry into a social or human problem, based on testing a hypothesis or a theory composed of variables, measured with numbers, and analysed with statistical procedures, in order to determine whether the hypothesis or the theory hold true (Creswell, 1994). Quantitative data are hard and reliable; they are measurements of tangible, countable, sensate features of the world (Bouma and Atkinson, 1995). In short, quantitative research is measuring the quantity or amount of particular phenomena by the use of statistical analysis. On the other hand, qualitative research is subjective in nature. It is a non-quantitative type of analysis which is aimed at finding out the quality of a particular phenomenon. It emphasises meanings, experiences, description and etc (Naoum, 1998). Conceptual Research vs Empirical Research Conceptual research is related to some abstract ideas or theories. It is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new concepts or to reinterpret existing ones, whereas, empirical research relies on experience or observation alone. Empirical research is aimed at coming up with conclusions without due regard for system and theory. Empirical research is appropriate when proof is sought that certain variables affect other variables in some way. Data Collection Statistical tools are used to transform data into useful information. However, data must be available before the decision maker can use the statistical tools. Data are available from many sources, both within the company or site. There are several ways of collecting appropriate data which differ considerably in context of money costs, time and other resources at the disposal of the researcher. The sources of data collection can be categorized into primary data and secondary data. Primary data refers to the raw data that collected through experiments or questionnaire surveys, where secondary data refers to the data obtained from site daily, progress report, progress payment, national productivity statistics. The major advantage of primary data is accuracy of data because it is collected by the researcher but it is costly and time consuming. Secondary data is quicker and cheaper as compared to primary data but the data may not meet the specific needs. If the researcher conducts an experiment, he can observes some quantitative measurements or data with the help of the truth in hypothesis that has made earlier. However in the case of survey, data can be collected through observation, personal interview, telephone interview, survey questionnaire or case studies. Observation is the simple way to gather data without interviewing respondents. The information obtained relates to current condition and is not complicated by either past behaviour or future intentions or attitudes of respondents. Undeniable, this method can obtain accurate information but it is time consuming, costly, and sometimes, people reluctant to cooperate. During personal interview, interviewer follows a rigid procedure and seeks answers to a set of pre-conceived questions through personal interviews. The data obtained through personal interview is usually carried out in a structured way where output depends upon the ability of the interviewer to a large extent. Telephone interview can obtain data rapidly with relatively low cost compared to others and do not require travelling for face-to-face contact. It can reach wide range of respondents. However, as this method is carried out through telephone, the respondents might not will to share opinions with strangers or they may tell lie. Thus, this is not suitable for long survey as respondents might feel annoying and difficult to prove the validity of survey. Survey questionnaire can be posted to the respondents together with self-stamped answer sheets or via on-line survey. This method is widely used. This the cheapest way to obtain data and can reach respondents working outstation. The survey question can be set up to 5 pages. However, the cons are that the rate of response is low, answers may be biased and respondents take longer time to respond. For case studies, cross comparison of cases have to be done in order to have fully understanding on clients experiences in a program. It fully depicts clients experience in program input, process and results. It is powerful means to portray program to outsiders. However, it is time consuming either to collect, organize or describe. It represents depth of information rather than breadth. In short, there are different types of method to collect data with their own pros and cons. Time, cost and accuracy are the main constrains to choose an appropriate data collection method. Few data collection methods can be chosen at the same time to obtain maximum accuracy. Research Design Data Analysis Conclusion

Feature of a just society Essay

Assess whether an unequal distribution of property between individuals could be a feature of a just society? (50 marks) By a ‘just society’ we are referring to the principle of people getting what they deserve – or desert theory. Those such as Nozick believe that individuals have an absolute right to property of income that they themselves create; Marx outlined his belief in absolute equality; Rawls, however, is the only philosopher able to claim the middle ground and suggest a sensible solution: claiming that an unequal distribution of property can, with certain constraints, benefit the poorest in society. Nozick’s view on the distribution of property focuses on the issue of how it came about. Self-ownership of one’s own talents and abilities is key to his way of thinking. If, for example, Cristiano Ronaldo asked his football club to pay him 25p for each ticket sold, the fans being happy to pay the extra, and 400,000 people watched him play that season – then he would be ? 10,000,000 better off. This is perfectly just according to Nozick, since Ronaldo is using his own talents to make money; which the fans voluntarily gave to him. However, in some philosophers eyes, this would be seen as unjust is Ronaldo was allowed to keep all, or even any, of that money. Be that as it may, Nozick stated that people were ‘ends in themselves’ and any attempt to use them in ways they don’t agree to = even for some ‘greater good’ – would violate their liberty. Such as example would be taxation. People, thus, have a right to own what they produce: conservatives would even argue that property becomes part of a person’s personality. The only constraints Nozick places on property is that it should be ‘justly acquired’ (not stolen or gained via the forced labour of others), ‘justly transferred’ (fair price given – not cheated or robbed), and the ‘rectification of injustice’ (giving back property that was stolen or otherwise unjustly taken). If one were to accept Nozick’s view, the result would be a society with huge economic inequalities. There is also the problem with individuals, through no fault of their own, not being able to support themselves. Relying on philanthropy and personal savings that one has been able to save doesn’t seem ‘just’ – especially if one is a pauper and kept at the mercy of the bourgeoisie. In this sense a worker may accept a wage cut, but how much true liberty do they have in making this decision? It could be argued in a society which has no ‘safety net’ welfare system, very little. Nozick goes onto state that we have ‘self-ownership’ of the things we create. This would therefore suggest that the proletariat working in factories, and the like, would have a right to what they produce since they have mixed their labour with it. But in a capitalist society, which Nozick supports, this would be, and is, the case. There therefore seems to be a rule for some and another for others with Nozick’s idea of ‘self-ownership’, which seriously undermines the legitimacy of his justice. Furthermore, history shows us that a great deal of initial acquisition of property was unjust: based on theft, slavery and colonisation. All property that derives from unjust acquisition being unjustly held, one does not have the right to transfer said property, nor does the recipient have the right to what they are receiving. It would, moreover, prove very difficult, if not impossible, to rectify the injustice of the past, as Nozick thinks one should do, since we have no way of establishing what belongs to who in many cases. The conclusion we are forced to draw is that Nozick’s theory has no application if we cannot start from a just beginning. Marx, on the other hand, focused on the plight of the proletariat, who, having nothing but their labours to sell are exploited by the bourgeoisie; who are in turn protected by the state which keeps private property legal: allowing a small number of individuals to own the ‘commanding heights’ or means of production. In such circumstances people cannot make use of their right to ‘self-ownership’ as Nozick claims, for they are creating items for the profit of the bourgeois and not themselves. Marx therefor believed in a needs based theory of justice. This would entail the abolition of private property and see that every man, woman and child gets what they need and gives what they can. The principle can be summed up as thus, â€Å"from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs. † Property does, however, seem to come naturally to human beings with philosophers such as John Locke claiming it is a ‘Natural Right’. When one takes the liberal view that we are rational, self-seeking, egotistical beings, it only seems right that the acquisition of property should follow. It is also true that the large percentages of the states in the world are run this way. Though this on its own cannot justify private property, it does heavily suggest that there will always be a place for private property no matter what your vison of the ‘prefect’ society is. Furthermore, one could argue that private property offers the allure of material success that motivates people to work. Even if one does not buy this argument, Rawls claimed that injustice in the distribution of property in society can work to the advantage to the poorest in society – via a welfare state etc. Rawls invented the ‘veil of ignorance’ to prove in the ‘original position’ what justice should be. As virtue of us, humans, being free rational beings, we would consent to a free market state, but only as long as rights were guaranteed and protection for the poor put in place. For the freedom to starve is no freedom at all. We would agree to these conditions for human life, since we would not know, in theory, what our race, creed, religion, talents, opinions or health would be in advance. In this sense it is reasonable to assume that we are rational egotistical beings, for it makes sense, and is in our own self-interest, to want these conditions. As for the capitalist free market aspect, wealth creation can be the only means by which the poorest in society can benefit; via the state taxing the rich and redistributing some of it to the poor. In this hypothetical situation we would have legal and foundational equality, as well as equality of opportunity. No one should be disadvantaged by the outcome of natural chance, the contingency of circumstances or choice of principles. In this light, the racist and the liberal would both be permitted to criticise each other; prevented from physically harming each other; and neither allowed to alter or remove foundational equality from the constitution. Importantly, Rawls thinks that once a certain level of martial wealth has been acquired (? 26,000 a year in the UK), then we would value such legal and foundational rights more; as well as basic liberties such as freedom of speech and association. Thus liberty will be preferred to less liberty, but greater wealth. This leads to Rawls’ ‘difference principle’, that we would choose to maximise the minimum level of welfare. This would create a society with a smaller gap between the rich and the poor, but also a smaller average wealth. One can object to this and state that it makes more sense to maximise the average level of wealth, especially if there is equality of opportunity meaning that one can improve oneself. However, one could imagine a society which is less prosperous, but more ‘just’ –something based alone the lines of Marx’s desert theory. Conversely, however, justice, in terms of the distribution of property, actually comes from prosperity and wealth creation gained and produced by some, so that others can benefit from the resulting taxation of said people. In conclusion, only Rawls can offer a theory of justice that appears sensible to the rational egotistical being; as well as avoiding the un-pragmatic approaches of Marx and Nozick. Even is one does not accept Rawls’ theory of justice – for one may be very rich and have lots of land – then at least it shows one what justice should look like.

Motherhood Is A Successful Woman - 1835 Words

In the 21st century, the equality of women is increasing and being encouraged by many. Where a woman must be able to balance her job, children, and marriage is mostly often seen as being a successful women. Statistics show the opposite. You do not have to balance a job, children, and marriage to be a successful woman. Surveys and statistics show that women are also successful if they stay at home and dedicate all their time to the formation and education of their children. Sadly, the role of motherhood that was held sacred is little by little falling away and disappearing. Many centuries ago, motherhood was held sacred, going all the way back to the times of Jesus. Motherhood should still be held sacred in the age we live in today. The mother of Jesus is a great model for mothers to follow as she formed and educated her son Jesus. Sacred scriptures and a most recent pope that was just canonized a saint, tell us about how motherhood is really sacred. St. Joseph is a great example for a father to follow as St. Joseph was a carpenter and a hard worker. St. Joseph thought Jesus how to work and Mary thought Jesus faith and morals. At a home where there is a father and a mother figure, it is better for the mother to stay home and for the father to go out and work. Childhood is the most important part of a child’s life. It is important that the child has a mother figure present, who gives their child love and guidance as they grow up to prevent any problems in the future. PopeShow MoreRelatedNo Longer one of the Boys928 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction This critical review will examine and analyze the article No Longer ‘One of the Boys’: Negotiations with Motherhood, as Prospect or Reality, among Women in Engineering written by Gillian Ranson (2005) and published by the CRSA/RCSA. This article provides an overall assessment of the challenges women face in the male dominated field of engineering. 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